Explain Internet and the World Wide Web, Operating System Internet & WWW
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The Internet and the World Wide
Web
• Late 1960s: ARPA
– Advanced Research Projects Agency
• Department of Defense
– ARPAnet
– Electronic mail (e-mail)
• Packet switching
– Transfer digital data via small packets
– Allow multiple users to send/receive data simultaneously over same
communication paths
• No centralized control
– If one part of network fails, other parts can still operate
Evolution of OS :
Major Phases Technical
Innovations
Operating
Systems
Open Shop The idea of OS IBM 701 open shop
(1954)
Batch
Processing
Tape batching,
First-in first-out
scheduling.
BKS system (1961Batch )
Multiprogramming
Processor multiplexing,
Indivisible operations,
Demand paging,
Input/output spooling,
Priority scheduling,
Remote job entry
Atlas supervisor
(1961),
Exec II system (1966)
(Contd…)
Evolution of OS (contd..):
Timesharing Simultaneous user
interaction,
On-line file systems
Multics file system
(1965),
Unix (1974)
Concurrent
Programming
Hierarchical systems,
Extensible kernels, Parallel
programming concepts,
Secure parallel languages
RC 4000 system (1969),
13 Venus system (1972),
14 Boss 2 system (1975).
Personal
Computing
Graphic user interfaces OS 6 (1972)
Pilot system (1980)
Distributed
Systems
Remote servers WFS file server (1979)
Unix United RPC (1982)
24 Amoeba system (1990)